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Background Global climate models are developed under the rationale that coupled representations of climate-relevant processes can describe the combined effects that constitute the overall climate system. When development is focusing on individual processes and their interactions within the climate Last updated: Nov 24, 2023

measurements in June. Hydrogensulphide was found in the Eastern Gotland Basin at stations BY20 and BY15 from approximately 175m and downwards. The investigations in the Bay of Gdansk showed that the overflow water remained in the inner parts of the bay. The only elevated nutrient concentrations were registered Last updated: Apr 23, 2014

normal with no signs of a spring bloom. The Baltic Proper Due to bad weather conditions, only stations in the southern and central part of the Baltic Proper were visited. In the southern part the pycnocline was located at a depth of 50 meters, increasing northwards to 90 meters. Surface water Last updated: Apr 23, 2014

The surface water temperatures were higher than normal in all areas with the exception of the western Gotland Basin. The temperature was between 19 and 20.8°C in the Kattegat – Skagerrak and between 16.4 and 19°C in the Baltic.The nutrient concentrations in the surface layer were normal for the Last updated: Apr 23, 2014

The bottom water oxygen concentrations in Kattegat Proper were not alarming low. In the Belt Sea concentrations below 2 ml/l were recorded at two stations, Fehmarn Belt and Mecklenburger Bucht. No surface accumulations of cyanobacteria were observed. Due to the ongoing inflow oxygen concentrations Last updated: Apr 23, 2014

Society will feel the impacts of global warming most through regional changes in climate and weather extremes. Unfortunately uncertainties in future projections at these scales are large. They are dominated by both internal climate dynamics and model systematic errors. Initiating climate Last updated: Nov 21, 2023

-6. Small species were not analyzed on board. Results of chlorophyll a, which will be analyzed later at SMHI, will not be included in this report. The Skagerrak Å17 5th of August The species diversity was rather low in the integrated sample (0-10m). The diatom Proboscia alata was found in highest cell Last updated: Aug 28, 2014

Role in team Climate scientist Project lead Production of climate change information for impact studies Expertise Hydrometeorological extremes Climate Change in Siberia Climate services  Regional climate and ocean modelling Analysis and evaluation of model output Professional records Involved Last updated: Jan 12, 2023

the expedition was seldom below 10 m/s. In the middle of the expedition air temperature fell to minus 10 oC causing severe ship icing. Because of this the Karlsö Deep station, BY38, could not be sampled. The Skagerrak Surface water temperatures were normal in the whole area. They varied from 1.5oC at Last updated: Apr 23, 2014