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At visited stations in Kattegatt, Skagerrak and the Sound nutrient concentrations showed normal values for the season. Lower silicate concentrations was found in western and north western Baltic proper. Lower oxygen values compared to normal were found in the bottom water of the Sound. Values …

There are many, often complicated processes that affect changes in sea level, including tides and weather. Globally, sea level has risen during the last century, and continues to rise at an increasing rate.

Long waves have a large wavelength in relation to the depth. The wave height is also low in relation to the wave length. In a long wave the water particles mostly move backwards and forwards with very little up and down movement in relation to the wave’s length. Examples of long waves are tidal …

SMHI carries out real-time observations of oceanographic parameters with tide gauges, buoys and vessels. Data are collected every hour and presented within 30 minutes. Measurement are also conducted with vessels where sevral biogeochemical parameters are acquired.

There are two main species of cyanobacteria in the brackish waters of the Baltic Sea that bloom during the summer and accumulate on the surface. The dominant species are Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and the poisonous Nodularia spumigena. The most common Baltic algae are green but colours differ between …

Algal blooms result from the rapid growth of plankton algae in a short space of time, forming large populations. Algal blooms occur in all types of water – at sea, around the coast and in watercourses, both in Sweden and in other countries. Algae usually bloom near the water surface where sunlight …

It is of common consensus in the ocean acidification community that the increase of atmospheric CO2 is the main driving force of the downwards pH trends in the worlds oceans. In the stations surrounding Sweden, that is most probably the main underlying factor as well, however the rate of change …

Surface nutrient concentrations were normal in all areas, with the exception of phosphate, which was elevated in the Sound. The oxygen concentration in the deep water of Kattegat was slightly lower than normal and the oxygen situation in the Bornholms Basin had worsen compared to previous …