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In autumn year 2000 and winter-spring 2001 the precipitation in the catchment area of Lake Vänern was higher than normal. During spring 2001, the flow in river Göta älv was around 1200 m3/s, nearly three times higher than the average indicating extreme conditions. The flow in the smaller rivers …

The main aim of this work is to present data as typical concentration values for different nutrients in the various sea areas, and how these have varied over time. The data presented cover a 30 year period which include both increased eutrophication and years with efforts to reduce antropological …

This report details the results of an investigation into hydrographic and hydrochemical conditions over ten offshore banks around the coast of south Sweden. Four of these banks are situated in the Kattegat. The remainder lie in the southern and western Baltic Proper. The investigation included …

The main goal of this report is to compile and present available data on algal toxins in blue mussels from the west coast of Sweden. The hazards associated with the consumption of mussels are mostly dependent on the occurrence and composition of toxic algae in the areas where shellfish are grown. …

The surface area of the Kattegat and the Skagerrak, located in the eastern North Sea, is about 22 000 km2 and 32 000 km2, and the mean depth is about 23 m and 210 m, respectively. The Skagerrak and the Kattegat forms the inner end of the Norwegian trench, which has the characteristics of a deep …

A3-dimensional baroclinic model of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, designed for a daily operational use is described in detail. The model is based on a similar model running in operational mode at the German Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) in Hamburg, Germany. The operational …

The OSPAR Revised Eutrophication Monitoring Programme (ETG 05/3/Info.1-E) requests that nutrient "monitoring should include sufficient samples to confirm that the maximum winter nutrient concentration has been determined", while para. 7 of the Terms of Reference for the preparation of guidance on …

Automated systems for observing physical, chemical and biological conditions in the sea are being implemented worldwide as part of the Global Ocean Observing System. This report describes their use in the Baltic and the Skagerrak-Kattegat areas. An evaluation of the use of FerryBox systems in …

In order to understand how the ocean works, the different processes, which together determine the larger-scale picture, are needed to be studied. Many processes take place on a scale that is much smaller than the scale numerical models can resolve, and a way to describe them in the models must be …