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normal in the surface during the last expeditions, more normal levels in May. In the Baltic Sea, the salinity of the surface water was generally normal for the season, but deeper down in the water column the salinity was above normal at many of the deeper stations. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the Last updated: Jun 22, 2021

The surface water (0-10 m) in the northern parts of the Baltic Proper had for the season normal temperature. But in the Arkona Basin, the Bornholm Basin and the Bight of Hanö the sea surface temperature was above normal. In the Kattegat and the Skagerrak there were mostly normal sea surface Last updated: Oct 20, 2020

SMHI carries out research about phytoplankton and algal blooms. Topics include biodiversity, harmful algae, climate change effects on harmful algae and cyanobacteria blooms in the Baltic Sea.  Funders of projects includes the Swedish research council Formas, EU Horizon 2020, EU ERA4CS, the Swedish Last updated: Jun 25, 2020

. Dissolved organic nitrogen in the surface water was in general consumed by the spring bloom at all visited stations in the Sound and at P2 and Släggö in the Skagerrak. Concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphorus in the surface water were normal for the season in all ocean areas. Dissolved silicate Last updated: Aug 26, 2021

Baltic Sea, modelling, forecasting, sea ice dynamics, water levels. Supplementary notes ISSN and title 0283-1112 SMHI Reports Oceanography Report available from SMHI S-601 76 NORRKÖPING Sweden Number of pages 17 Language English 1. INTRODUCTION When the ice is moving, pressure ridges which are difficult Last updated: Sep 28, 2020

The ongoing climate change is causing the temperature in the air and sea to rise, flows of fresh water into the Baltic Sea to increase and more carbon dioxide to be absorbed in the water, causing acidification. Climate change is largely caused by man, and communities around the Baltic Sea will be Last updated: Jan 19, 2024

concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen was close to or at the detection limit at most stations in all sea areas, while there were measurable but low concentrations of phosphate at all stations. In the deep water, the concentration of nutrients was normal, except in the Western Gotland Basin where there Last updated: Sep 02, 2020

temperature varied from slightly below 5°C in the northern Baltic Proper up to 7.2°C in the Sound. In the Baltic Proper and the Sound the sea surface salinity was above normal. Concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN, at the surface were normal for the season at all stations except at N14 Last updated: May 27, 2020

at most every visited station, which is normal for the season. Phosphate levels were normal for the season in all sea areas. The silicate levels were above normal in the Baltic Proper except in the Western Gotland Basin and at BY20 Fårö Depth were the levels were normal. In the Kattegat the silicate Last updated: Jul 29, 2020